损有孚元吉无咎可贞利有攸往
伊川易传 · section 115 · 程頤 · 688 characters
Original text
损减损也凡损抑其过以就义理皆损之道也损之道必有孚诚谓至诚顺于理也损而顺理则大善而吉所损无过差可贞固常行而利有所往也人之所损或过或不及或不常皆不合正理非有孚也非有孚则无吉而有咎非可贞之道不可行也
曷之用二簋可用享 损者损过而就中损浮末而就本实也圣人以宁俭为礼之本故为损发明其义以享祀言之享祀之礼其文最繁然以诚敬为本多仪备物所以将饰其诚敬之心饰过其诚则为伪矣损饰所以存诚也故云曷之用二簋可用享二簋之约可用享祭言在乎诚而已诚为本也天下之害无不由末之胜也峻宇雕墙本于宫室酒池肉林本于饮食淫酷残忍本于刑罚穷兵黩武本于征讨凡人欲之过者皆本于奉养其流之远则为害矣先王制其本者天理也后人流于末者人欲也损之义损人欲以复天理而已
彖曰损损下益上其道上行 损之所以为损者以损于下而益于上也取下以益上故云其道上行夫损上而益下则为益损下而益上则为损损基本以为髙者岂可谓之益乎
损而有孚元吉无咎可贞利有攸往 谓损而以至诚则有此元吉以下四者损道之尽善也 曷之用二簋可用享二簋应有时损刚益柔有时夫子特释曷之用二簋可用享卦辞简直谓当损去浮饰曰何所用哉二簋可以享也厚本损末之谓也夫子恐后人不达遂以为文饰当尽去故详言之有本必有末有实必有文天下万事无不然者无本不立无文不行父子主恩必有严顺之体君臣主敬必有承接之仪礼让存乎内待威仪而后行尊卑有其序非物采则无别文之与实相湏而不可缺也及夫文之胜末之流逺本丧实乃当损之时也故云曷所用哉二簋足以荐其诚矣谓当务实而损饰也夫子恐人之泥言也故复明之曰二簋之质用之当有时非其所用而用之不可也谓文饰未过而损之与损之至于过甚则非也损刚益柔有时刚为过柔为不足损益皆损刚益柔也必顺时而行不当时而损益之则非也
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