子产告范宣子轻币

古文观止 · section 19 · 吳楚材 · 吳調侯 編 · 495 characters

Original text

范宣子为政,诸侯之币重。郑人病之。

二月,郑伯如晋。子产寓书于子西,以告宣子。曰:「子为晋国,四邻诸侯,不闻令德,而闻重币,侨也惑之。侨闻君子长国家者,非无贿之患,而无令名之难。夫诸侯之贿,聚于公室,则诸侯贰。若吾子赖之,则晋国贰。诸侯贰则晋国坏,晋国贰则子之家坏,何没没也。将焉用贿。夫令名,德之舆也。德,国家之基也。有基无坏,无亦是务乎。有德则乐,乐则能久。《诗》云『乐只君子,邦家之基。』有令德也夫!『上帝临女,无贰尔心。』有令名也夫!恕思以明德,则令名载而行之,是以远至迩安。毋宁使人谓子『子实生我』,而谓『子浚我以生』乎?象有齿以焚其身,贿也。

宣子说,乃轻币。

劈起将令德令名与重币对较,持论正大。其写德名处,作赞叹语。写重币处,作危激语。回环往复,剀切详明。宜乎宣子之倾心而受谏也。

晏子不死君难 崔武子见棠姜而美之,遂取之。庄公通焉。崔子弑之。

晏子立于崔氏之门外。其人曰:「死乎?曰:「独吾君也乎哉,吾死也。曰:「行乎。曰:「吾罪也乎哉,吾亡也?」曰:「归乎?」曰:「君死,安归?君民者,岂以陵民?社稷是主。臣君者,岂为其口实,社稷是养。故君为社稷死,则死之。为社稷亡,则亡之。若为己死,而为己亡,非其私暱,谁敢任之?且人有君而弑之,吾焉得死之,而焉得亡之?将庸何归?门启而入,枕尸股而哭。兴,三踊而出。人谓崔子,必杀之!」崔子曰:「民之望也,舍之得民。」

起手死亡归,三层叠下,无数烟波,只欲逼出社稷两字也。注眼看着社稷两字,君臣死生之际,乃有定案。

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子產告范宣子輕幣 — 古文觀止